EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

A Double Blind, Placebo Controlled Study of the Effects of Pectate® on Weight and Body Mass Index (BMI).

Prof. HH Vorster D.SC, Prof. CS Venter D.Sc; RD, Prof. JC Jelring Ph.D, Dr. HS Kruger M.Pharm; Ph.D - RD, Dr. TA Nell Ph.D, Dr. A Kruger Ph.D; RN, Sr. MC Lessing RN, Ms. HH Vorster M.Sc; RD, Ms. G Hanekom M.Sc; RD, Ms. L Matshego B.Honns 

From the Nutrition Research Group, Potchefstroom University, South Africa

Background
Obesity is now regarded as a disease and an increasing public health problem worldwide. Both prevention on a population level and treatment on an individual level have proven to be unsuccessful. There seems to be a need for an effective and safe drug to assist in the treatment of obesity. Researchers of the Nutrition Laboratory at Potchefstroom University have reported that a substance tested for effects on fibrin network characteristics, had weight reducing effects in a group of hyperlipidaemic patients, suggesting that it may be a suitable agent to use for weight loss. The substance has been patented by the University and incorporated as an active ingredient of a dietary supplement prescribed for weight loss.  In the rest of this report, the substance will be referred to as PECTATEâ

Objectives
The main objective of this study was to examine the effect of PECTATEâ in conjunction with an energy-restricted diet for 12 weeks on weight loss in obese subjects.  In addition, the independent effect of a metabolic herbal blend was also examined. Reported side effects and compliance to the supplement were monitored as were effects on hemoglobin, haematocrit, plasma fibrinogen and serum lipids.

Methods
A double-blind, placebo-controlled study design was used. Of the 120 volunteers who responded to local advertisements, 80 subjects (9 men/ 71 women) met the inclusion criteria during screening in the Metabolic Unit of the University. These 80 were randomly allocated to three groups, each receiving a supplement, plus a prescribed diet. The participating subjects as well as the researchers were blinded to the supplement, marked C, B and O.

Group 1 (C) was the active ingredient group, taking 5mL PECTATEâ twice daily in a glass of water before meals.  Group 2 (B) took the same amount of placebo (lactose) and Group 3 (O), designated the metabolic group, took a metabolic herbal formula. All subjects received individual dietary instructions and were weighed weekly for the 12 weeks, during which compliance to the intervention was discussed and monitored. Blood samples were taken at baseline and after 12 weeks for biochemical analysis. The SPSS program was used to determine statistical significant changes within and between groups.

Results
Of the 80 subjects, 5 (all women) dropped out of the study.  The 75 subjects who completed the study were divided into compliers and non-compliers, based on reported intake of the supplements.  The compliers in the PECTATEâ group lost significantly more weight (20.3 lbs compared 12 lbs of the metabolic group).  They reduced their BMI significantly more (3.3 compared to 1.9 kg/m2).  The weight loss was accompanied by the expected reduction in body circumferences.  It seems that the energy- restricted diet caused a statistically but not clinically significant reduction in mean blood hemoglobin.  The study confirmed previous observations that plasma fibrinogen may rise during rapid weight loss, probably because of mobilization of free fatty acids.  It seems as if the active ingredient may have been a protective effect in this regard.  The reductions in total and LDL- cholesterol were not significant.

Conclusions
It is concluded that when taken as prescribed, PECTATEâ is a successful weight loss supplement.  It is also concluded that the metabolic herbal blend does not have the same properties as PECTATEâ.